Civilization of Greece (Sparta and Athens)

Greek territory is situated on the Continent with the boundary region, among others: the north with the State of Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Turkey. Greek region also directly adjacent to the Sea on the west side Ionea.

Greek population is the result of mixing between ethnic groups residing in the vicinity of the Caspian Sea and the prairie natives who developed agriculture. Ethnic immigrants were included in the Indo-Germanic family of nations known as a nation composed of Hellas tribes Doria, Achaeans, Aeolia, and Ionia. The tribes occupying the immigrants came surging mainland Greek territory and also spread in the islands around the Aegean Sea. They live settled and founded the city called the policy. State Policy or the city was first built in the Greek territory is the city of Mycenae trade.

In the year 1878 found the cultural heritage of ancient Mycenae, among others, as follows:

1. Former banngunan ancient city of Troy (Homer's frequent mention in his book Illias and Odyssea)

2. Tomb of King Agamemmon

3. Heritage treasures of Troy King

Of the many Greek tribes there, the nation's most advanced Ionialah. From the name of Ionia was born a Greek name. Among the policies (State city) is famous Sparta and Athens.

City State Spartans

Sparta is the capital city's name Doria. Good governance has been made by Lycurgus of Sparta (900 BC) and the character of a military autocracy. Doria nation known as the nation so bellicose military education occupies the main thing in the town of Sparta. 7-year-old child is considered as the child shall follow the State and military education.

City of Sparta led by a king who has absolute power. King besides functioning as the head of Governement also doubles as warlords, religious leaders, and as a court judge. People to express opinions to the king has its own institutions such as parliament. Sparta People really live from farming, but because there are rules drafted for all citizens, their farms so it is not flown, and finally abandoned.

Because of the potential of the State is often used for military purposes led to the cultural heritage of this nation Doria almost non-existent and very simple.

Athens City State

Governance made by Solon of Athens with laying the foundations of democracy. Because the number of people who were still few, democracy can be done directly appoint its representatives to the board of the people who called Boule. Heads of government called the Archon of Athens held by nine people and has the task according their respective fields. Field trial held by institutions and assisted heliacal aeropagos, while the defense held by the ten men of war tactician. In a precarious situation and forced the war tactician is more powerful than the Archon.

Athens and Sparta in a united fight against the Persians in 492-448 BC and can win the battle. Athens experienced heyday under the reign of Pericles with tangible evidence as follows:

a. Culture

Have built beautiful temples to the gods on Mount Acropolis with the Parthenon known as the architect Iktianus. Appears poet Homer who authored the book illias and Odyssea. In addition, in Athens was also born famous figures, such as Thales (natural scientist), Pythagoras (mathematician), Hypocrates (medical experts) and Herodotus (historian).

b. Religion

The highest god of the respected nations of Athens and Greece generally is the god Zeus in Olympus Mountains. To honor the god Zeus held sporting event which is now known as the Olympics. For wheelchair sports include: running, jumping, shot, discus throwing, wrestling, horse racing, and race horse-drawn carriage.